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Hilla von Rebay
Hildegard Anna Augusta Elizabeth Freiin Rebay von Ehrenwiesen, Baroness Hilla von Rebay, or simply Hilla Rebay (31 May 1890, Strasbourg, Alsace-Lorraine – 27 September 1967, Greens Farms, Connecticut), was a notable abstract artist in the early 20th century and co-founder and first director of the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum.〔("The Hilla Rebay Collection" ) Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, retrieved 29 January 2014.〕 She was a key figure in advising Solomon R. Guggenheim to collect non-objective art, a collection that would later form the basis of the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum collection, and she was also influential in selecting Frank Lloyd Wright to design the current Guggenheim museum, which is now known as a modernist icon in New York City.
==Early life and education==
Hilla von Rebay was born into a German aristocratic family in Strasbourg, Alsace-Lorraine, then part of the German Empire.〔("Art of Tomorrow: Hilla Rebay and Solomon R. Guggenheim" ) Deutsche Guggenheim, retrieved January 29, 2014.〕 She was the second child of Antonie and Baron Franz Josef Rebay von Ehrenwiesen, an officer in the Prussian army.〔Hall, Lee. ("The Passions of Hilla Rebay" ) ''The New Criterion'', retrieved 29 January 2014.〕 She showed an early aptitude for art and she studied at the Cologne Kunstgewerbeschule during the academic year 1908/09. She then attended the Académie Julian in Paris from 1909 until 1910, where she received traditional training in landscape, portraiture, genre and history painting.〔("Hilla von Rebay Foundation Archive" ) Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, retrieved May 15, 2014.〕 Under the influence of the German ''Jugendstil'' painter Fritz Erler, Rebay moved to Munich in 1910 where she lived until 1911. Here, she began to develop her interest in modern art.〔
Invited by Dr. Arnold Fortlage, Rebay participated in her first exhibition at the Cologne ''Kunstverein'' in 1912. Fortlage was the author of the foreword to the 1911 Ferdinand Hodler exhibition in Munich, which inspired Rebay greatly to pursue her interest in modern art.〔
In March 1913, Rebay was exhibited alongside Archipenko, Brâncuși, Chagall, Robert Delaunay, Gleizes, Diego Rivera and at the Salon des Indépendants in Paris. This experience, however, was disheartening for Rebay who seemed to judge her own work as inadequate.〔 In 1915 Rebay met Hans (Jean) Arp in Zurich. This meeting was extremely influential upon Rebay's artistic taste since it was through Arp that she was introduced to the non-objective modern art works of Kandinsky, Klee, Franz Marc, Chagall and Rudolf Bauer.〔 At this time, Rebay was also introduced to Herwarth Walden and the avant-garde Galerie Der Sturm in Berlin.〔
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